Uncovering the Global Life Cycles of the Rare Earth Elements

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Author: Xiaoyue Du & T. E. Graedel

A paper from the Graedel laboratory at Yale detailing quantitative life cycles for ten rare earth elements: lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy) and yttrium (Y).

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[DATE: November 2011]

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This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research,
technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 319024.
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